2,457 research outputs found
Identification of large masses of citrus fruit and rice fields in eastern Spain
ERTS-1 imagery has been successfully used for the identification of large areas of citrus groves and rice fields in the Valencia region of Eastern Spain. Results are encouraging and will facilitate the elaboration of a land use map with a fair degree of definition once methods prove to be fully operational
Neutron-proton analyzing power at 12 MeV and inconsistencies in parametrizations of nucleon-nucleon data
We present the most accurate and complete data set for the analyzing power
Ay(theta) in neutron-proton scattering. The experimental data were corrected
for the effects of multiple scattering, both in the center detector and in the
neutron detectors. The final data at En = 12.0 MeV deviate considerably from
the predictions of nucleon-nucleon phase-shift analyses and potential models.
The impact of the new data on the value of the charged pion-nucleon coupling
constant is discussed in a model study.Comment: Six pages, four figures, one table, to be published in Physics
Letters
Thermodynamic instability and first-order phase transition in an ideal Bose gas
We conduct a rigorous investigation into the thermodynamic instability of
ideal Bose gas confined in a cubic box, without assuming thermodynamic limit
nor continuous approximation. Based on the exact expression of canonical
partition function, we perform numerical computations up to the number of
particles one million. We report that if the number of particles is equal to or
greater than a certain critical value, which turns out to be 7616, the ideal
Bose gas subject to Dirichlet boundary condition reveals a thermodynamic
instability. Accordingly we demonstrate - for the first time - that, a system
consisting of finite number of particles can exhibit a discontinuous phase
transition featuring a genuine mathematical singularity, provided we keep not
volume but pressure constant. The specific number, 7616 can be regarded as a
characteristic number of 'cube' that is the geometric shape of the box.Comment: 1+21 pages; 3 figures (2 color and 1 B/W); Final version to appear in
Physical Review A. Title changed from the previous one, "7616: Critical
number of ideal Bose gas confined in a cubic box
A New Kind of Quinonic-Antibiotic Useful Against Multidrug-Resistant S. aureus and E. faecium Infections
Indexación: Scopus.A rapid emergence of resistant bacteria is occurring worldwide, endangering the efficacy of antibiotics and reducing the therapeutic arsenal available for treatment of infectious diseases. In the present study, we developed a new class of compounds with antibacterial activity obtained by a simple, two step synthesis and screened the products for in vitro antibacterial activity against ATCC® strains using the broth microdilution method. The compounds exhibited minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 1⁻32 μg/mL against Gram-positive ATCC® strains. The structure⁻activity relationship indicated that the thiophenol ring is essential for antibacterial activity and the substituents on the thiophenol ring module, for antibacterial activity. The most promising compounds detected by screening were tested against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREF) clinical isolates. We found remarkable activity against VREF for compounds 7 and 16, were the MIC50/90 were 2/4 µg/mL and 4/4 µg/mL, respectively, while for vancomycin the MIC50/90 was 256/512 µg/mL. Neither compound affected cell viability in any of the mammalian cell lines at any of the concentrations tested. These in vitro data show that compounds 7 and 16 have an interesting potential to be developed as new antibacterial drugs against infections caused by VREF.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/7/177
ALMA detection of the dusty object silhouetted against the S0 galaxy NGC 3269 in the Antlia cluster
Context. An intriguing silhouette of a small dust patch can be seen against the disk of the S0 galaxy NGC 3269 in the Antlia cluster in optical images. The images do not provide any clue as to whether the patch is a local Jupiter mass-scale cloudlet or a large extragalactic dust complex.Aims. We aim to resolve the nature of this object: is it a small Galactic cloudlet or an extragalactic dust complex?Methods. ALMA and APEX spectroscopy and Gemini GMOS long-slit spectroscopy were used to measure the velocity of the patch and the NGC 3269 disk radial velocity curve.Results. A weak 16 2.5 km s(-1) wide (CO)-C-12(2-1) T-MB 19 +/- 2.5. mK line in a 2 .('') . '' 2 by 2 .('') .'' 12 beam associated with the object was detected with ALMA. The observed heliocentric velocity, V-r,V- hel=3878 +/- 5.0 km s(-1), immediately establishes the extragalactic nature of the object. The patch velocity is consistent with the velocity of the nucleus of NGC 3269, but not with the radial velocity of the NGC 3269 disk of the galaxy at its position. The similar to 4 '' angular size of the patch corresponds to a linear size of similar to 1 kpc at the galaxy's Hubble distance of 50.7 Mpc. The mass estimated from the (CO)-C-12(2-1) emission is similar to 1.4x10(6)(d/50.7 Mpc)M-2(circle dot), while the attenuation derived from the optical spectrum implies a dust mass of similar to 2.6x10(4)(d/50.7 Mpc)M-2(circle dot). The derived attenuation ratio A ' (B)/(A ' (B)-A ' (R)) of 1.6 +/- 0.11 is substantially lower than the corresponding value for the mean Milky Way extinction curve for point sources (2.3).Conclusions. We established the extragalactic nature of the patch, but its origin remains elusive. One possibility is that the dust patch is left over from the removal of interstellar matter in NGC 3269 through the interaction with its neighbour, NGC 3268.Peer reviewe
Equivalence of volume and temperature fluctuations in power-law ensembles
Relativistic particle production often requires the use of Tsallis statistics
to account for the apparently power-like behavior of transverse momenta
observed in the data even at a few GeV/c. In such an approach this behavior is
attributed to some specific intrinsic fluctuations of the temperature in
the hadronizing system and is fully accounted by the nonextensivity parameter
. On the other hand, it was recently shown that similar power-law spectra
can also be obtained by introducing some specific volume fluctuations,
apparently without invoking the introduction of Tsallis statistics. We
demonstrate that, in fact, when the total energy is kept constant, these volume
fluctuations are equivalent to temperature fluctuations and can be derived from
them. In addition, we show that fluctuations leading to multiparticle power-law
Tsallis distributions introduce specific correlations between the considered
particles. We then propose a possible way to distinguish the fluctuations in
each event from those occurring from event-to-event. This could have
applications in the analysis of high density events at LHC (and especially in
ALICE).Comment: Revised version with new figure, footnotes and references adde
Effects of Spin-Orbit Interactions on Tunneling via Discrete Energy Levels in Metal Nanoparticles
The presence of spin-orbit scattering within an aluminum nanoparticle affects
measurements of the discrete energy levels within the particle by (1) reducing
the effective g-factor below the free-electron value of 2, (2) causing avoided
crossings as a function of magnetic field between predominantly-spin-up and
predominantly-spin-down levels, and (3) introducing magnetic-field-dependent
changes in the amount of current transported by the tunneling resonances. All
three effects can be understood in a unified fashion by considering a simple
Hamiltonian. Spin-orbit scattering from 4% gold impurities in superconducting
aluminum nanoparticles produces no dramatic effect on the superconducting gap
at zero magnetic field, but we argue that it does modify the nature of the
superconducting transition in a magnetic field.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev.
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